Prof Gray is a distinguished Professor and Executive Director of the Infectious Disease and Oncology Research Institute in the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand, and a Professor in Vaccine and Infectious Disease at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. She serves as Chief Scientific Officer at the SAMRC and has expertise in HIV vaccinology, serving as Co-Principal Investigator of the international NIH-funded HIV Vaccine Trials Network. She co-founded the Perinatal HIV Research Unit at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and has achieved an NRF A-rating three times. For her research she received the Nelson Mandela Health and Human Rights Award, the Order of Mapungubwe, the EDCTP's Outstanding African Scientist Award, the John F.W. Herschel Medal (Royal Society of South Africa) and the ASSAF Science for Society Gold Medal. She is a member of the US National Academy of Medicine, the African Academy of Science, The World Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Microbiology, and ASSAF.